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中国防痨杂志 ›› 2014, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (8): 671-674.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2014.08.014

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

选择性肺隔离技术在右开胸非高段胸椎结核前路手术中的应用

王春 刘伟 耿万明 高广阔 翟文婷 史志国   

  1. 101149 北京市结核病胸部肿瘤研究所 首都医科大学附属北京胸科医院麻醉科
  • 收稿日期:2014-05-06 出版日期:2014-08-10 发布日期:2014-09-07
  • 通信作者: 刘伟 E-mail:lw1200@sina.com

The application of selective lobar blockade in thoracic vertebrae tuberculosis anterior approach operation via right thoracotomy

WANG Chun, LIU Wei, GENG Wan-ming, GAO Guang-kuo, ZHAI Wen-ting, SHI Zhi-guo   

  1. Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China
  • Received:2014-05-06 Online:2014-08-10 Published:2014-09-07
  • Contact: LIU Wei E-mail:lw1200@sina.com

摘要: 目的 探讨选择性肺隔离技术在右开胸非高段胸椎结核前路手术中的应用效果。 方法 2012年5月至2013年9月在北京胸科医院骨科因胸椎6以下结核择期行胸椎结核后路内固定+右开胸前路病灶清除术或右开胸前路内固定+病灶清除术的患者38例,按照随机数字表法分为2组:单侧肺通气组(OLV组)和选择性肺叶隔离组(SLB组)各19例。OLV组患者采用35号(女)或39号(男)左双腔气管导管,SLB组患者采用ID 7.5(女)、ID 8.0(男)加强单腔气管导管加支气管阻塞器行选择性右中下肺叶隔离。分别于左侧卧双肺通气10 min(T1)、单侧肺通气或肺叶隔离30 min(T2)、恢复双肺通气15 min(T3)记录各时点的气道峰压(Ppeak)、平台压(Pplat),气道顺应性(Comp),收集动脉血做血气分析,术者评价术野暴露情况。采用SPSS 11.0统计学软件进行分析,计量资料以“x±s”表示,两组间比较采用独立样本t检验,组内各时点参数比较采用单因素方差分析,计数资料采用χ2检验。以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。 结果 T2时点,SLB组的PaO2高于OLV组[分别为(189.4±58.2)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)、(145.6±50.4)mm Hg;t=4.28, P=0.00];SLB组的SaO2高于OLV组[分别为(99.6±0.3)%、(97.5±1.0)%;t=8.21, P=0.00]。T2时点,SLB组的Ppeak低于OLV组[分别为(18.1±3.2)cm H2O(1 cm H2O=0.098 kPa)、 (20.5±4.1)cm H2O;t=2.15,P=0.04];SLB组的Pplat低于OLV组[分别为(16.3±3.2)cm H2O、(20.2±2.4)cm H2O;t=3.94, P=0.00],SLB组的Comp高于OLV组[分别为(34.8±14.5)ml/cm H2O、(26.4±15.2)ml/cm H2O; t=6.07, P=0.00]。术野暴露情况,OLV组18例优,1例良;SLB组17例优,2例良,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.36, P=0.55)。 结论 选择性右中下肺叶隔离技术可明显改善右开胸非高段胸椎结核前路手术患者氧合和呼吸力学指标,并不影响胸椎手术的术野暴露和手术操作。

关键词: 结核, 脊柱/外科学, 胸椎, 外科手术, 选择性, 导管插入术, 支气管, 间隔封堵器, 肺通气

Abstract: Objective To evaluate selective lobar blockade in non-upper thoracic vertebrae tuberculosis anterior approach operation via right thoracotomy. Methods Thirty-eight patients with non-upper thoracic vertebrae tuberculosis admitted in Beijing Chest Hospital from May, 2012 to September,2013 undergoing anterior approach spinal operation via right thoracotomy were randomly divided to the double-lumen tube (OLV) group(n=19) and the selective lobar blockade(SLB) group(n=19). Anesthesia was induced and maintained routinely. The patients were intubated with F35 or F39 double-lumen tube in OLV group and were intubated with ID 7.5 or ID 8.0 enforced single-lumen tube and a endobronchial blocker into the bronchus intermedius in SLB group. The position of all endobronchial tube was ensured with fiberoptic bronchoscope. Ppeak, Pplat, Comp and arterial blood gas analysis was performed and recorded at the following time point: 10 mins after two lung ventilation on left lateral decubitus position(T1), 30 mins after one lung ventilation or selective lobar blockade ventilation (T2), 15 mins after two lung ventilation resumed(T3).  Results PaO2 and SaO2 of group SLB were higher than those of group OLV(P<0.05) at 30 mins after one lung ventilation or selective lobar blockade ventilation (PaO2: (189.4±58.2) mm Hg,(145.6±50.4) mm Hg, t=4.28, P=0.00); SaO2: 99.6%±0.3%, 97.5%±1.0%,(t=8.21, P=0.00). Ppeak and Pplat of group SLB were lower than those of group OLV(P<0.05) at 30 mins after one lung ventilation or selective lobar blockade ventilation (Ppeak: (18.1±3.2) cm H2O,(20.5±4.1) cm H2O,t=2.15,P=0.04); Pplat: (16.3±3.2) cm H2O, (20.2±2.4) cm H2O,(t=3.94, P=0.00). Comp of group SLB were higher than those of group OLV at 30 mins after one lung ventilation or selective lobar blockade ventilation ((34.8±14.5) ml/cmH2O, (26.4±15.2) ml/cmH2O,t=6.07, P=0.00). No statistical difference existed in surgery field (χ2=0.36, P=0.55).  Conclusion Selective right lower lobar blockade can improve oxygenation and indexes of respiratory mechanics of patients undergoing non-upper thoracic vertebrae tuberculosis anterior approach operation via right thoracotomy. It doesn’t affect the operation field exposure and operative procedure.

Key words: Tuberculosis, spinal/surgery, Thoracic vertebrae, Surgical procedures, elective, Catheterization, Bronchi, Septal occluder device, Pulmonary ventilation